{"id":1976,"date":"2018-07-19T12:58:57","date_gmt":"2018-07-19T07:28:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/34.22.110.190\/english\/?p=1976"},"modified":"2018-07-19T16:09:32","modified_gmt":"2018-07-19T10:39:32","slug":"the-hadiyas-of-bengal-part-i","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thebengalstory.com\/english\/the-hadiyas-of-bengal-part-i\/","title":{"rendered":"The Hadiyas of Bengal: plight of Hindu-Muslim marriages in the name of protecting Hindu identity. Part I"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In the Dokholbati village of Rampurhat block I of West Bengal\u2019s Birbhum district, a number of houses don\u2019t have regular electricity supply. Entrance to the house of Phatik Chandra Mal is pitch dark, so are the winding roads that lead up to it.<\/p>\n<p>The house is a combination of bricks and rooms made out of mud \u2013 a courtyard in between \u2013 with a flickering dim white light in the drawing room. The walls, painted a lurid blue, have pictures of a number of Hindu gods and goddesses hanging from it. Apart from me, there\u2019s another guest in the house \u2013 a beautiful, thin, dark woman in her forties. She has quietly slipped out of home for a while to talk to me at her neighbour\u2019s place and she will disclose a secret to me. And therefore I cannot mention her name here.<\/p>\n<p>Let\u2019s call her Mina. Mina and Panchanan Mal (they have the same surname as the person whose house she is visiting) have a daughter named Laxmi.<\/p>\n<p>She is not yet 18 years old, Mina tells me, but at this young age, she has brought shame to the family. She had eloped with a Muslim boy.<\/p>\n<p>Last year \u2013 2017 \u2013 when Laxmi started going to class XI, she didn\u2019t return home after school one day. Eventually, the family gathered that she was in the house of a Muslim boy, whom she had married. They brought her back after a few days of negotiations. \u201cIt was not difficult to bring her back,\u201d Phatik Chandra Mal, a local Vishwa Hindu Parishad functionary said. \u201cThe police always help to bring back minor girls. So the work is easy for us,\u201d Mal says.<\/p>\n<p>But Mina and her husband knew that they couldn\u2019t force confinement on the girl for long. \u201cIf we didn\u2019t marry her off to a Hindu boy immediately, she could have run away again,\u201d Mina said. Laxmi was married off hurriedly to a Hindu boy, \u201ca Brahmin\u201d, she announces proudly. \u201cWe are scheduled caste, so we are lucky we got a Brahmin boy.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Their neighbour helped the family find a suitable boy. \u201cBut he has no knowledge of the episode of her elopement. We have kept it a secret,\u201d Mina says. \u201cShe is still a minor and with time, she will forget about the Muslim boy completely.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Phatik Chandra Mal says that they have \u201crescued\u201d several Hindu girls in this manner. A phenomenon widely known as love jihad, is an allegation against Muslim men that they &#8216;kidnap&#8217; women from other communities, chiefly Hindus, for conversion to Islam, by feigning love.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhenever Hindu parents approach us, we rescue the girls. Police helps if the girls are minor. If they are not, then we have to take to other means,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p>Rampurhat, approximately 250 km from Kolkata, is an Assembly constituency in the Birbhum district of south Bengal. The elections have been consistently won by Trinamool Congress for the past several times and by the Forward Bloc before that. However, in recent times, the BJP and the Vishwa Hindu Parishad have been getting huge support from among people \u2013 evident from the Ram Navami rallies \u2013 which were said to have drawn 40,000 people this year. An area with high percentage of Muslims, there is a clear attempt by the VHP to appeal to Hindus the &#8220;need to come together&#8221; to protect their &#8220;Hindu identity&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1980\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1980\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1980 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/thebengalstory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/mal.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1980\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Phatik Chandra Mal<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>***<\/p>\n<p>Debojyoti Das, secretary of VHP Birbhum district said: \u201cThe main purpose is to rescue these girls because Muslim men are tagetting Hindu girls to capture their properties. These are clear cases of love jihad.\u201d VHP has a special wing, the <em>dharmaprashar<\/em> branch entirely devoted to this work. If the girls are minors we can easily rescue them with police help, but we also have to immediately arrange their marriage so they cannot run away to their Muslim husbands again.<\/p>\n<p>For adult Hindu women who have eloped with adult Muslim men, VHP authorities have other, complex modus operandi. \u201cIt works. We handle anything between 10 to 15 cases in Rampurhat and the adjoining villages every year,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p>Take the case of Arabinda Lek\u2019s daughter, Parul (names changed). Right after she sat for her Higher Secondary examinations, Parul eloped with a Muslim boy from the neighbourhood. Lek lives in the Lawpara village of Gokholmati area of Birbhum\u2019s Rampurhat block II.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen my daughter eloped and married a Muslim boy, police refused to help because she was an adult,\u201d Lek said. \u201cI was called to the police station. But my daughter said she wouldn\u2019t return with me. I was shocked. My own daughter stood there and told me firmly that she was married to a Muslim man and wouldn\u2019t come back to me again.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>A desperate Lek approached the VHP\u2019s Debojyoti Das. \u201cI advised the girl\u2019s family to trick the couple into believing they had accepted the marriage,\u201d Das said.<\/p>\n<p>It definitely worked. When the Lek family encouraged their daughter and son-in-law to visit them, the family was socially ostricised by other Hindu neighbours. \u201cWe were mocked at, not allowed to use the public tube well. A neighbour aimed a piece of brick at my wife from the adjoining terrace,\u201d Arabinda Lek remembers. All this for &#8220;accepting&#8221; their daughter&#8217;s marriage with a Muslim man.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cDuring one of her visits to our place, I sent her off to Kolkata. And then we didn\u2019t let her return to her Muslim husband again,\u201d Lek said. A Hindu boy was quickly found and Parul was married off.<\/p>\n<p>Parul\u2019s husband is now in class XI and perhaps not yet 21 years of age (says Lek), the legal age of marriage for men in India according to the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI have promised him that I\u2019ll ensure he is established in life. Let him complete his studies first,\u201d Arabinda Lek says. Arabinda Lek owns several cars and agricultural land, which, he feels, was the main target of the Muslim boy with whom his daughter had eloped. &#8220;The Muslim boy was after my property,&#8221; Lek says. Somehow, he feels the same logic does not apply to the Hindu boy who has now married his daughter.<\/p>\n<p>Interestingly, Parul received an initial instalment of the West Bengal government\u2019s incentive under the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wbkanyashree.gov.in\/kp_4.0\/index.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">Kanyashree <\/span><\/a>, an award winning scheme to prevent child marriages. The initial payment is an annual incentive of Rs 750 to girls in the 13-18 years age group so they continue to study. Once the girl turns 18, a one-time grant of Rs 25,000 is paid \u201cprovided that she was engaged in an academic pursuit and was unmarried\u201d. There are 1,21,04,055 sanctioned applications (as on July 18, 2017) of Kanyashree.<\/p>\n<p>Though the condition for Kanyashree payment is that the recipient should not be married, Lek says his daughter recently got the initial payment and the second instalment is due after she completes her class XII examination (she had failed to clear it the first time and could not appear the second time due to her elopement and marriage, and is now waiting to sit for the examination the coming year).\u00a0One is not sure how that might be possible in a scheme meant to prevent child marriage and to encourage girls&#8217; education.<\/p>\n<p>***<\/p>\n<p>Superintendent of Birbhum, Kunal Agarwal, did not receive calls. However, a senior police officer said that Childline, a government toll free number often keeps track and receives complaints of minors being forced into marriages. \u201cBut if we rescue a minor girl and she goes back to her parents, it is impossible to keep track whether they have been married off. Parents often claim to have sent them to relatives\u2019 homes.\u201d He said even when adult women are forced to come out of marriages and married off elsewhere, &#8220;unless the women call us, lodge complaints or someone brings it to our notice, it is not possible to stop these illegal marriages.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>The Leks and the Mals do not regret the unethical and illegal divorce and marriages they are making happen for the sake of &#8220;protecting&#8221; their &#8220;Hindu identity&#8221;. For the VHP, it is an organised project that they have been carrying out for several years. In West Bengal, which is now a priority for the right-wing to spread its activities, the number of cases are growing.<\/p>\n<p>I didn\u2019t get to meet either Laxmi or Parul. In fact, I didn\u2019t want to track them down. Neither husband had any clue of the wife\u2019s previous marriage. Attempt to meet or to talk to the women would jeopardise the marriages.<\/p>\n<p>A Supreme Court Bench led by Chief Justice Dipak Misra defined the limits of the court\u2019s jurisdiction in the Hadiya case in February this year. Hadiya, a 26-year-old woman had converted to Islam and married a Muslim man. The marriage was annulled by the Kerala High Court and her father Asokan K.M. said she was being recruited to be trafficked to work in Syria as \u201csex slave\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Justice D.Y. Chandrachud had <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/hadiya-case-courts-cannot-annul-marriage-between-two-consenting-adults-says-supreme-court\/article22823474.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">observed<\/span><\/a>: \u201cCan a court say a marriage is not genuine or whether the relationship is not genuine? Can a court say she did not marry the right person? She came to us and told us that she married of her own accord.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>But the voices of many women have been suppressed in Bengal, and there haven\u2019t been scope to put up a fight to seek justice. Not all of them can be as brave as Hadiya.<\/p>\n<p>[In Part II, read the story of a young man who says Hindu men must come forward to &#8220;rescue&#8221; girls who are being &#8220;kidnapped&#8221; by Muslim men. He has come forward to volunteer as a &#8220;saviour&#8221; and protector.]<\/p>\n<p>Cover photograph:\u00a0VHP Birbhum district secretary Debojyoti Das<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>VHP are helping Hindu parents to break scores of marriages between minor and adult Hindu women and Muslim men in West Bengal.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":1978,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"tmauthors":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-1976","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-new-bengal"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thebengalstory.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1976","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thebengalstory.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thebengalstory.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thebengalstory.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thebengalstory.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1976"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/thebengalstory.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1976\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thebengalstory.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1978"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thebengalstory.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1976"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thebengalstory.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1976"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thebengalstory.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1976"},{"taxonomy":"tmauthors","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thebengalstory.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tmauthors?post=1976"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}